ECG
(Electrocardiogram gram) Monitoring is a very important parameter for heart
patient. It will give a complete waveform on screen for diagnosis. For a heart
patient, he may have valve problem, blood vessels block, or hole in the heart.
Only way to identify all the above problems is to monitor ECG parameter.
Particularly for a heart patient, he must be very careful in diet, work, etc.,
if suppose some time he may get wrong diet or extra work, he has to check his
ECG, for checking ECG he has to go to the hospital and after getting ECG signal
he can have the doctor’s advice.
For
a busy person it may not possible to go to the hospital for check up in time.
He can monitor the ECG wave form from the home or office and he can transfer
the waveform to the hospital through air, and also he can have advice from the
doctor. This is the particular part which we are going to concentrate in this
project. This project may not only useful to communicate between the patients
to the doctor. It will be very much useful to the hospitals to get the experts
advice. i.e., if a heart specialist is available in abroad suppose to say in
USA. A patient is in a hospital which may locate at Chennai. By using this
project we can transfer the patient’s ECG waveform through air from Chennai to
USA. It will be very much useful to save a patient’s life.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
There
are many different types of ECG Electrodes are available to measure the ECG
signal. We are going to design a circuit to get input from all types of
sensors. There may be some noises mixed in the waveform, particularly supply
noises will be there. Those noises will be eliminated with the help of filter
circuits. Then the ECG signal will be amplified with the help of amplifier
circuits, and then the amplified output will be given to the ADC, which is an
8-bit eight channel ADC, that will be useful to monitor multiple patients. Then
the digitized data will be given to a DSP(Digital Signal Processor). That will
convert the eight bit parallel data to serial format. Then the serial output
will be given through the inbuilt UART available in the micro controller.
The
serial output from the micro controller will be given to a modulator circuit,
that modulation should be a digital modulation. Then the digitally modulated
signal will be given to an AM modulation for further improvement, and then the
AM modulated output will be transmitted in the air.
At
the receiver end the AM demodulation can be done with the help of diode
detection method, and the detected signal will be a very weak signal, that can
be amplified with the help of FET. Then the amplified signal will be given to
the digital demodulation. Then the demodulated signal will be in the form of
TTL logic pulses (i.e., 0v and 5v). That TTL output will be converted into
RS232 format (i.e.,-12v and +12v), then the pulse output will be given to the
PC through Serial port (Com Port). Then the received serial input is converted
in to parallel data and that will be monitored in the PC with the help of a ‘c’
program.
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